Hair drier



D. C. HUDSON Feb. 21, 1939.

HAIR DRIER Filed April 17, 1937 r Ll PW rea 21, 1939 .UNITED STATESwi'rlazu'r ol-Fics 2,141,704- lum D'BIEB Dwight C. Hudson, deceased,late of Chicago, lll., lEleanor 0. Hudson, Chicago,

Application April 12, 1937, Serial No. 137,543

. 4 Claims (Cl. 34 26) The primary object of this invention is toimcompressed. The motor frame is spaced from the prove the operatingcharacteristics of swirl, refan by spacer sleeves 2l which bear on theframe circulating hair driers in a manner which not and on the nuts 25.

only increases the eiilci i adds greatly to the c Further and othe l entas the disci is read in co ency'of the drier, but also omi'ort oi' thepatron.

onV with 'the accompanying animatie ,view which will be g the theorywhich is believed to underlie the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a section oi the invention,

i line 2--2 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 3 is a secti al view of a preferred form e section being taken onthe and onal view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig'. 2 looking in thedirection of the arrows.

It should 4be understood that the illustration and description of thevention are for the Sec. 4888 ofthe Re beconstrued as imposin pendedclaims unless r Experience has sho preferred i'orxn of the inpurpose ofcomplying with vised Statutes, and should not 'g limitations on theapequired by the prior art. wn that the most eiilcient hair driersdepend upon a combination of air circulation, heaters complish theirinten vention utilizes even greater eilicien 'I'he drier com designatedI0 liand a iront united by a b indicated atg I I.

shells ii and I2 steel and the lat ed to receive th the opening Il anished ap A`4 motor pan l5, is adapted to pan 2l having an the shaft 22of the being supported in rality of bolts`23 motor frame and and 2ibetween and static pressurev to acded object. The present inthreefactors but achieves cyin a new and novel manner. prises an ovate shellgenerally all consisting of a back shell or hood shell or rim I2, thetwo and i3 welded to the secured to the back parts being rim I2 and hoodil by screws auch as Both the back and the iront are preferably spun inVsheet ter has alarge opening i5 adaptpatrons head. The margin of isspun inwardly to give the shell pearance.

assembly, generally designated be iltted within the back hood hood I2 issecured in place, prising a brushless induction the necessary supportingand axial opening 2i through which motor l1 extends, the motor positionon the pan by a pluwhich extend through the the pan and receive nuts 24which rubber Brummen are r objects will become apparosure proceeds andthe description njuncti drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a diagr used inexplainin inlet centrifugal tan Il, a pair g-element consists of a Theextended shaft 22 of the motor cured to the enlarged hub 28 a set screw29. The fan is n clockwise direction when viewed from the opening i5 sothat air taken in through the axial inlet 30 is forced out between theblades 3l of the fan in a swirl, the direction of which is inclicated bythe Varrows in Figs. 1 and 2. Dottedvar rows have been used to indicatethe movement oi' air above the sectional plane of the drawing and fullarrows have been used to indicate the movement of air' below thesectional plane.

Adjacent to the mouth -of the motor pan 2U are a plurality of rightangle brackets 32, each of which has a leg welded to the motor pan andanother leg extending inwardly to support a fiat ring 33 secured to itby screws 34. A screen 35 is supported on the ring 33 with the aid ofmetal straps 3i which are welded to the ring, these straps also' beingused to support heater elements 3l and 38, positioned on opposite sidesof the hubV 28 of the fan i8.

The leads and electrical 31 and 3l, motor il, etc., are not shown asthey do not constitute a part of the present invention.

The motor pan-assembly i6 is detachably held in place within the backshell i i by a pluralityA of screws 39, some of which pass through thesupporting swivel 4D.

By removing the front rim l2 and the screws 3l, the motor pan assemblymay readilybe removed `from the hood.

YA plurality of air returners or 'deiiectors 4l are interiorly mountedwithin the rim l2 at a reclinin'g angle with respect to the direction ofthe air stream. In other words, the deflectors are mounted so as to forman acute angle on the far side (with respect to the direction ofmovement of the air streatin)` of the plane which passes throughthe axisof the shell and the lower edge o! the deiiector, as indicated at I2 inFig. 1. The /exact angle for any particular drier will depend 45 uponconsiderations which will hereinafter ap# Dear- ,f

The deilectors 4i are preferably stamped from sheet steel, or formed ofother suitable material, 50 and have flanges 43 and Il which are adaptedto be welded to the front hood l2. The inner edges of the deilectors areturned over as indicated at ll in order to obtain a smooth edge. and theupper edges or the deilec y I l is seof the fan I8/ as by 5 ormallydriven in a circuit for the heaters torsarebeveledoitasindi-5` cated at46 in order to allow the swirling air to ,matter of fact, do notcirculation of theair within the drier.

impinge upon the various deectbrs.

It is realized that vanes have heretofore been used with facescoincident with axial planes for the purpose of building up a staticpressure wi but theldescending air stream in striking the vanes'isdeiiected outwardly. thus causing a certain ,amount of discomfort to thepatron in having w'arm air blown over the patrons face.

In the drier of the presentinvention, the deectors or air returners ilare not used for the purpose'ofbuilding up static pressure, and, as aaccomplish that function, but rather to eect a substantially completere- The theory of operation for this drier may best be understood' byreferring to Figs. 1 and 2. Ani suming the drier in operation, air isforced outwardly through the blades 3l of the ian it to produce an airstream which swirls around the shell and slowly descends in somewhat thepath indicated by the dotted and full line arrows. A certain quantity offresh air is drawn into the air stream through openings 41 in the rearof the back hood Il, the air iirst passing over the motor il and thenentering into the air stream through the motor pan opening 2i. The fanl@ is o such capacity that it in itself is capable of producing staticpressure without any reference flow of the deectors di. Preferably thewidth of the fan, i. e., the 20% to 40% o'f' the diameter of the fan asthis relationshp in conjunction with the shape and size of the shell,,enables the fan to produce notonly a static pressure within the shell,but also a violent turbulence or air stream velocity which contributes.greatly to the speed at which hair may be dried. For the ordinary drier,a fan having a diameter 'of 8 inches and blade width of 2 inches hasbeen found very satisfactory, md,l of course, the inlet opening shouldhe'as large as possible for best emcienoy.

Vin axial planes, the air stream strike air stream indicated by 2 has adownward comwhen vanes are placed s the vanes Since the swirling thearrows in Figs. 1 and ponent, it is obvious that at an angle whichcauses 'the air to he deected outwardly thus causing not only. anundesirable loss voi heated air, but also discomfort to the patron. By'slanting the deectors so that the air stream in striking them isdeected inwardly toward the air inlet of the fan, substantially completerecirculation ofthe air is obtained and only that amountof air which isrequired for insuring proper ventilation of themotor i'i is expelledthrough the mouth of the hood. T he air expelled, however, is notreectedair, but airwhich is forced out by static pressure so that its velocityis considerably lower.' than the air. that is forced out when vanes arelused inanial planes. A j; In practice, the deilectors El are set atangle of approximately with the plane nor'- l mal to the longitudinalaxis -of the. drier, or, in

otherwords, the angle 42of Fig. l. (it heling` y Administratie o] theEstate of Dwight C; Hudunderstood that this is only al diagrammaticview) is approximately 20 but these angles may be varied within fairlywide limits. particularly in'increasing the'angle 42.

It will be observed that when the deflectors are lset at an anglesomewhat as shown in the drawing, the air is deected in linessubstantially par- ?llelteo the axis of the drier to the inlet' of theObviously, a deector placed substantially at right angles to thedescending air stream would accomplish, to a somewhat lesser degree, thedesired result inasmuch as there is a. low pressure area created by 'theian along the ams of the drier which naturally draws the air inwardlyunless given a dennite componentn of movement outwardly, as is the casewhere the vanes are placed .in planes which are coincident with thelongitudinal axis of the drier.

A few dimensions are indicated on the drawing to show desirablerelationships between the size ofthe hood, ian size, angle ofdefleotors, letc., but these should not be construed as limiting incharacter.

Experience has shown that hair may be dried in nearly half the time thatis required for drlers now on the market.

What is claimed is:

l. In a hair drier, 'a at one end, means for circulating air in theshell so that it takes 'a spiral path in travelling lengthwise of theshell toward the opening, and means for minimizing air leakage at theopening Yincluding deectors the opening and set at a reclining angle tothe longitudinal axis of the shell.

2. In a hair drier, a shellhaving an opening at one end, means 'forcirculating air in the shell' so that'lt takes a wise of the shellspiral' path in travelling lengthtoward the opening, and means forminimizing air leakage at the opening including deectors placed radiallyadjacent to the opening and set at such an angle with respect to the airstream that the greater part of the air in the stream is returned to theaircirculating means. i

3. In a hair drier, a shell havin at one end, shell lengthwise of theshell toward the opening, and means for g air leakage at the openingincluding denectors placed radially adiacent placed radially adjacentto` gV an opening sneu having anopening so that it takes a spiral 4pathin travellingto the opening and set at such an angle with respect to theair of the -air inthe streamv is deected upwardly along the axis of theshell to the air circulating means.

4. In a hair drier, a shell'having anopening at one end, means forcirculating air in the shell so that it takesl a spiral path intravelling lengthwise of the shelltoward the opening, and means forminimizing ainleakage at the opening including deectors placed radiallyadjacent \to the opening' and set at such an angle with respect; to theair stream that the airis deiiecteli-bach.. into the shell asdistinguished from be-- ingdeected outwardly from theshell.

-mnANor-'t c. HUDSON,

stream that the greaterpart-

